ABSTRACT
The substantial applicability of technological advancements to the healthcare sector and its allied segments are on the verge of questioning the abilities of hospitals, medical institutions, doctors and clinical pathologists in delivering world class healthcare facilities to the global patient community. Investigative works pertinent to the role played of technological advancements in the healthcare sector motivated this work to be undertaken. Part-I of the review addressed the applicable role play of advanced technologies such as Artificial intelligence, Big-data, Block chain, Open-Source and Cloud Computing Technologies, etc., to the healthcare sector and its allied segments. The current Part-II manuscript is critically focused upon reviewing the sustainable role of additional disrupting technologies such as Robotics, Drones, 3D-Printing, IoT, Virtual/Augmented/Mixed Reality, etc., to uncover the vast number of implicit problems encountered by the clinical community. Investigations governing the deployment of these technologies in various allied healthcare segments are highlighted in this manuscript. Subsequently, the unspoken challenges and remedial future directions are discussed thereof.
ABSTRACT
In the realm of the emergence and spread of infectious diseases with pandemic potential throughout the history, plenty of pandemics (and epidemics), from the plague to AIDS (1981) and SARS (in 2003) to the bunch of COVID variants, have tormented mankind. Though plenty of technological innovations are overwhelmingly progressing to curb them - a significant number of such pandemics astounded the world, impacting billions of lives and posing uncovered challenges to healthcare organizations and clinical pathologists globally. In view of addressing these limitations, a critically exhaustive review is performed to signify the prospective role of technological advancements and highlight the implicit problems associated with rendering best quality lifesaving treatments to the patient community. The proposed review work is conducted in two parts. Part 1 is essentially focused upon discussion of advanced technologies akin to artificial intelligence, Big Data, block chain technology, open-source technology, cloud computing, etc. Research works governing applicability of these technologies in solving many uncovered healthcare issues prominently faced by doctors and surgeons in the fields of cardiology, medicine, neurology, orthopaedics, paediatrics, gynaecology, psychiatry, plastic surgery, etc., as well as their role in curtailing the spread of numerous infectious, pathological, neurotic maladies is thrown light off. Boundary conditions and implicitly associated challenges substantiated by remedies coupled with future directions are presented at the end.
ABSTRACT
Air traffic affects the environment locally, regionally and globally. Estimates show that aviation is responsible for 13% of transportation-related fossil fuel consumption and 2% of all anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Although there is considerable decline in air traffic due to COVID pandemic, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) expects domestic air traffic to grow at an annual rate of 2.0 % over the next 20 years. Global air traffic is expected to grow more rapidly than domestic air traffic at an annual rate of 4.8% from 2011 to 2030. The desire to accommodate growing air traffic needs while limiting the impact of aviation on the environment has led to research in green aviation with the goals of better scientific understanding, utilization of alternative fuels, introduction of new aircraft technology, and rapid operational changes. Greenhouse gases, nitrogen oxides, and contrails generated by air traffic affect the climate in different and uncertain ways. Understanding the changes requires a hierarchy of models to deal with multiple disciplines, time scales ranging from few minutes to few hundred years and uncertainties in modeling parameters affecting both science and policy. This talk reviews earlier work at Ames on the modeling approach and an integrated capability to design aircraft operations based on a trade-off between fuel consumption, environmental goals and stakeholder values.